Niallia circulans strain, named after heavy precipitation, adapted not only to the harsh cosmic life hundreds of kilometers above the surface of the planet, but also demonstrates remarkable abilities that in the future could help humans colonize other planets, combat waste, and treat diseases. demonstrated.
The discovery of the new strain was the result of the hard work of the "Shenzhou-15" spacecraft crew. The astronauts collected samples of microorganisms from the station's surfaces with sterile wipes for half a year. The frozen samples were sent to Earth, where scientists conducted their genome and metabolic analysis. Thus, a peculiar strain closely related to the Niallia circulans soil bacteria, but possessing unique mutations, was identified.
Its main feature is its extraordinary resistance to conditions that are catastrophic for the majority of Earth organisms. The bacteria easily fights oxidative stress (the process of cell degradation under radiation) and efficiently repairs damaged DNA. Moreover, it has learned to decompose certain organic compounds (for example, gelatin) as sources of nitrogen and carbon, and to form protective biofilms. These skills were very beneficial for survival.
Researchers note that the Niallia circulans microbe either arrived at the station already mutated, or directly evolved in orbit, making it China's first known "cosmic" strain.
Scientists emphasize that this bacterium's "relative" Niallia circulans could cause sepsis in people with weakened immunity. The discovered mutant microbe's ability to decompose gelatin requires additional research, as it could pose a threat to collagen, the protein that forms the basis of connective tissues.
Chinese researchers believe that studying the new strain of microbes is very important for the future of astronautics and science. This bacterium's ability to decompose organic matter opens prospects for creating new waste recycling technologies. Its radiation resistance might show scientists how to protect human cells during long-term space flights.
